Graphameleon Web extension

Graphameleon is a Web Browser Extension which collects and semantizes Web navigation traces.

Following research on the NORIA-O and DynaGraph projects, the Graphameleon Web extension brings visualization and recording of Web navigation traces at the browser level. Then, leveraging knowledge graph representations, to perform User and Entity Behavior Analytics (UEBA) and Anomaly Detection (AD).

The extension incorporates an internal semantical mapping module that relies on the RMLmapper library to construct a RDF knowledge graph during navigation. Additionally, it utilizes the React-Force-Graph visualization library, allowing users to view their navigation traces in a 3D representation of the knowledge graph.

You may want to look at the ACM SIGWEB/Graphameleon video for an overview of the Graphameleon proposal. See also the TWC2024-Graphameleon-demo.webm video (in the docs/demo/ folder) for a short demo of how the Graphameleon Web extension works.

If you use this software in a scientific publication, please cite:

Lionel Tailhardat, Benjamin Stach, Yoan Chabot, and Raphaël Troncy. 2024. Graphameleon: Relational Learning and Anomaly Detection on Web Navigation Traces Captured as Knowledge Graphs. In The Web Conference 2024, WWW '24, Singapore, May 13--17, 2024, Proceedings. https://doi.org/10.1145/3589335.3651447

BibTex format:

@inproceedings{graphemeleon-2024,
  title = {{Graphameleon: Relational Learning and Anomaly Detection on Web Navigation Traces Captured as Knowledge Graphs}},
  author = {{Lionel Tailhardat} and {Benjamin Stach} and {Yoan Chabot} and {Rapha\"el Troncy}},
  booktitle = {{The Web Conference 2024, WWW '24, Singapore, May 13--17, 2024, Proceedings}},
  year = {2024},
  doi = {10.1145/3589335.3651447}
}

Usage

To start using Graphameleon, you have two options:

• Download a release and unzip it.
• Build the component.

Once you have completed this step, proceed to the Run step described below.

Build

Pre-requisites:

• Downloading and installing Node.js and npm
• Cloning the repository to your computer
• Installing third-party npm modules: npm install

Create a build for Firefox:

# Firefox is considered to be the browser by default for the build process
npm run start

Create a build for Chrome:

npm run start:chrome

Create a build for Edge:

npm run start:edge

Clean the distribution file:

npm run clean

---

Run on Firefox

1. First, open a firefox navigation window and go to the following page: about:debugging#/runtime/this-firefox
2. In the Temporary Extensions section, click on the Load Temporary Add-on... button.
3. Then, select the manifest.json from the ./dist or any other file from the same directory to load the extension.

The Graphameleon Extension is now loaded on Firefox !

---

Run on Chrome

1. First, open a chrome navigation window and go to the following page: chrome://extensions/
2. Enable the Developer Mode on the top-right corner.
3. Click on the Load unpacked button.
4. Then, select the manifest.json from the ./dist or any other file from the same directory to load the extension.

The Graphameleon Extension is now loaded on Chrome !

---

Run on Edge

1. First, open an edge navigation window and go to the following page: edge://extensions/](edge://extensions/
2. Enable the Developer Mode on the left navigation bar.
3. Click on the Load unpacked button.
4. Then, select the manifest.json from the ./dist or any other file from the same directory to load the extension.

The Graphameleon Extension is now loaded on Edge !

---

Data capture

The general process for performing data capture is as follows:

1. Open the Graphameleon component, this brings a Graphameleon panel
2. Select a capture mode (see table below for details):
   • micro
   • macro
   • hybrid
3. Select a general output format:
   • raw
   • semantize: the data will be mapped according to a RDF data model (ontology); you must then select a mapping definition file in RML syntax (.ttl extension) using the Browse button. See mapping definition examples in the mapping/ folder.
4. Start data capture with the Record button
5. Navigate the Web in the other Web browser tabs
6. Stop data capture with the Stop button from the Graphameleon panel
7. Select a file export format:
   • Raw capture: JSON | CSV
   • Semantize capture: N-Triples | Turtle
8. Export the data with the Export button, the resulting data will be saved in the Web browser's default download folder.

Data collected with Graphameleon

The following table shows the type of data collected by the Graphameleon Web extension as a function of the capture mode (micro-activity vs macro-activity), and grouped by their scope (request vs interaction vs both):

Scope	Feature/header name	Micro	Macro
Request	Method	Yes	Yes
	URL	Yes	Yes
	IP	Yes	Yes
	Domain	Yes	Yes
	Sec-Fetch-Dest	Yes	Yes
	Sec-Fetch-Site	Yes	Yes
	Sec-Fetch-User	Yes	Yes
	Sec-Fetch-Mode	Yes	Yes
Interaction	EventType	-	Yes
	Element	-	Yes
	Base URL	-	Yes
Both	User-Agent	Yes	Yes
	Start time	Yes	Yes
	End time	Yes	Yes

Data model for user activities

The following class diagram defines the concepts and properties used for the semantic representation of micro-activities (left) and macro-activities (right):

The names of concepts and properties used here are defined within the UCO vocabulary, the following namespaces apply:

• core : https://ontology.unifiedcyberontology.org/uco/core#
• ucobs : https://ontology.unifiedcyberontology.org/uco/observable#
• types : https://ontology.unifiedcyberontology.org/uco/types#

For micro-activities, the presented classes and properties accurately describe a sequence of requests captured at the Web browser level.

• An HTTP request is represented by an entity of the class ucobs:HTTPConnectionFacet, and its headers are represented by specific properties such as ucobs:startTime and ucobs:endTime for timestamps, and core:tag for fetch metadata request headers.
• Since an IP address or URL can be common to multiple requests (e.g., a user repeating the same call to a website, a website with various services hosted on the same server), these elements shall be materialized through the ucobs:IPAddressFacet and ucobs:URLFacet classes respectively, and cross-references between entities is built through properties such as ucobs:hasFacet and ucobs:host.

Macro-activities further enhance the modeling by allowing the description of interactions.

• We consider the user interactions (e.g., click on a hyperlink, on a Web browser button) as ucoact:ObservableAction class instances, with relations to the above ucobs:HTTPConnectionFacet and ucobs:URLFacet entities for describing the context in which they occur.
• Further, we consider the types:threadNextItem and types:threadPreviousItem properties from UCO for modeling the chronology of activity traces.

Example dataset

Please check the graphameleon-ds repository for examples of data captured using the Graphameleon Web extension.

---

Repository structure

📁 graphameleon
├───📁 mapping/ <Default semantical mapping rules (RML, YARRRML)>
│   └───...
├───📁 public/
│   ├───📁 assets/ <All assets files>
│   │   └───...
│   ├───📄 index.html
│   ├───📄 manifest.chrome.json <Manifest V3 for Chrome based browsers>
│   └───📄 manifest.firefox.json <Manifest V2 for Firefox browser>
├───📁 src/ <Extension source code>
│   ├───📁 app/ <Application-specific files>
│   │   ├───📁 components/ <React UI components and panels>
│   │   │   └───...
│   │   └───📄 App.jsx <React app>
│   ├───📁 scripts/ <Extension scripts (background, content) and modules>
│   │   ├───📁 modules/
│   │   │   ├───📄 Interaction.js <Interaction collector>
│   │   │   ├───📄 Manager.js <Managing communications, collections and mapping>
│   │   │   ├───📄 Mapper.js <Mapping management, graph builder>
│   │   │   └───📄 Request.js <Request collector>
│   │   ├───📁 utils/
│   │   │   ├───📄 mapping.js <Raw string default semantical mapping rules (RML)>
│   │   │   ├───📄 settings.js <Cross-browser specifiations>
│   │   │   └───📄 tools.js <Handcrafted usefull functions>
│   │   ├───📄 background.js <Background script: manager, mapper and request collector>
│   │   └───📄 content.js <Content script: interaction collectors>
│   └───📄 index.jsx
└───...

License

BSD-4-Clause

Copyright

Copyright (c) 2022-2023, Orange. All rights reserved.

Maintainer

• Benjamin STACH
• Lionel TAILHARDAT
• Yoan CHABOT
• Raphaël TRONCY